Everything about Robert Fitz-stephen totally explained
Robert Fitz-Stephen (fl. 1150) was the son of Stephen, constable of
Cardigan, whom Robert succeeded in that office. His mother was
Nest, a
Welsh princess and former mistress of
Henry I.
Robert first appears in history in 1157, when King
Henry II of England invaded Gwynedd. While the main royal army faced the forces of
Owain Gwynedd east of the
River Conwy, a force including Robert and his half-brother
Henry Fitz Roy (illegitimate son of Nest and King
Henry I) attacked
Anglesey by sea. However, this force was defeated in a battle in which Robert was seriously wounded and Henry killed.
Robert was captured in November
1165 by
Rhys ap Gruffydd (The Lord Rhys). When
Dermot MacMurrough who had been deposed as king of
Leinster visited
England and
Aquitaine in 1167 to seek aid in recovering his throne, he appears to have appealed to Rhys to release Robert for an expedition to Ireland. Rhys didn't oblige at the time, but in response to a further appeal in 1168 released Robert from captivity.
In 1169, Robert led the vanguard of Dermot's Anglo-Welsh auxiliaries to
Ireland, and captured
Wexford, which he was then allowed to hold jointly with
Maurice Fitz Gerald. Taken prisoner by the Irish in 1171, he was by them surrendered to
Henry II, who appointed him lieutenant of the justiciary of Ireland,
Hugh de Lacy. Robert rendered good service in the troubles of 1173, and was rewarded by receiving, jointly with
Miles Cogan, a grant of
Cork (1177). He had difficulty in maintaining his position and was nearly overwhelmed by a rising of Desmond in 1182. The date of his death is uncertain.
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